EU Plastic Packaging Ban: How to Switch from Plastic to Fiber-Based Packaging
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15.08.2025
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Introduction
Europe is accelerating its efforts to tackle plastic pollution. From EU-wide bans on single-use plastic packaging to strict national regulations, the packaging industry is at the center of this transformation. These measures aim to reduce plastic waste, boost recycling rates, and drive the shift toward a circular economy.
The implications for businesses are clear: the packaging strategies of yesterday will not meet the compliance requirements — or customer expectations — of tomorrow.
This article explains the EU’s plastic packaging restrictions, highlights key legislative examples (current and upcoming), and explores how businesses can successfully transition from plastic to recyclable, fiber-based solutions — such as corrugated cardboard, molded pulp, and paper-based security labels — that meet both performance and sustainability requirements.
Understanding the EU Plastic Packaging Ban
The EU’s plastic packaging restrictions are a key part of the European Green Deal and Circular Economy Action Plan, aiming to make all packaging reusable or recyclable by 2030, cut packaging waste by 15% per capita by 2040, and reduce overall environmental impact (source: European Commission – CEAP).
Two major regulations lead the way:
Single-Use Plastics Directive (EU 2019/904) – In force since July 2021. Targets the top 10 single-use plastic products most commonly found as litter, including cutlery, plates, straws, EPS food containers, cups, and oxo-degradable plastics (source: European Commission – SUPD).
Packaging and Packaging Waste Regulation (PPWR) – Will apply from February 2025, with full compliance by August 2026. Introduces design requirements, bans on certain single-use plastic packaging (e.g., fruit/vegetable packaging under 1.5 kg, single-use packaging in the HORECA sector), and mandates that all packaging be recyclable by 2030 (source: European Commission – PPWR).
Key Examples of EU and National Legislation
EU-Wide
Single-Use Plastics Directive (SUPD) – Already bans certain plastic items; member states are implementing stricter interpretations, particularly for EPS and oxo-degradable products.
PPWR (2025–2030) – Includes recyclability mandates, reuse targets for certain packaging types, and bans on non-recyclable plastic formats.
National Measures
Sweden – Ban on single-use plastic cutlery from January 2022; ban on disposable cups containing more than 15% plastic from January 2024; requirement to offer reusable alternatives in foodservice.
France (Loi AGEC) – Banned polystyrene food boxes in 2021, outlawed disposable dishware for dine-in service in 2023, and aims to eliminate all single-use plastic packaging by 2040.
Germany – Mandatory reusable options for takeaway food/drink from January 2023; extended deposit-return system to more beverage packaging types.
What’s Next? Potential Upcoming Measures
Mandatory recycled content in plastic packaging – Possible minimum recycled content thresholds by product type.
Expanded bans on plastic films and flexible pouches – Under discussion in several EU working groups.
Extended EPR schemes – Higher fees for plastic packaging compared to fiber-based materials to incentivize sustainable choices.
E-commerce plastic packaging bans – Potential EU proposals to eliminate non-recyclable plastic mailers, bubble wrap, and air pillows.
Why the Packaging Industry Is in the Spotlight
Packaging accounts for around 40% of all plastic use in the EU (Source: Investigate Europe), making it the largest contributor to plastic waste. EPS (expanded polystyrene) and certain plastic films are particularly targeted due to their low recycling rates and high environmental persistence.
Industry-specific impact:
Food & beverage – EPS trays, takeaway containers, and plastic produce packs must be replaced with recyclable or reusable formats.
E-commerce – Plastic bubble wrap, void fill, and mailers are likely to be phased out in favor of recyclable fiber-based solutions.
Industrial & electronics – Protective foam inserts and wraps face restrictions, with molded pulp and corrugated cardboard offering equally strong protection.
The Shift from Plastic to Sustainable Packaging
Leading companies are replacing plastics now — not just to stay ahead of regulations, but to lead their markets, inspire customers, and strengthen their ESG credentials.
Early adopters benefit by:
Smoother transition without supply chain disruption.
Enhanced customer loyalty from visible sustainability actions.
Reduced EPR fees and better compliance reporting.
Fiber-Based Packaging – Sustainable Alternatives to Plastic
Corrugated cardboard packaging – 100% recyclable, strong, and customizable for retail, shipping, or protective packaging.
Molded paper pulp packaging – Compostable, protective, and adaptable for food trays, electronics, or industrial parts.
Fiber-based packaging already aligns with many of the EU’s strict design-for-recycling requirements, making it an immediate, regulation-ready alternative to plastics. Unlike many plastic formats that require costly redesigns or specialized recycling systems, fiber-based solutions can be processed in existing recycling infrastructure — helping businesses achieve compliance faster and without added cost.
How Relyon Helps Businesses Make the Transition
Assessment – Review your current EPS/plastic packaging formats.
Design – Engineer fiber-based packaging solutions that match or exceed performance.
Production – Manufacture with flexible setups, fast delivery times, and packaging designs tailored to each customer’s unique needs.
Enhancement – Add paper-based tamper-evident labels and tapes to protect product integrity, provide security, and ensure the packaging remains mono-material and fully recyclable.
Benefits of Switching to Fiber-Based Packaging Now
Guaranteed compliance with current and upcoming EU plastic packaging legislation.
Reduced environmental footprint and CO₂ emissions.
Enhanced brand image with plastic-free packaging claims.
Contribution to circular economy and waste reduction targets.
Conclusion & Next Steps
The EU plastic packaging bans are reshaping the industry. While they pose challenges, they also create opportunities for innovation, brand leadership, and environmental stewardship.
Sustainable packaging isn’t just about meeting regulations — it’s a powerful opportunity to lead, innovate, and stand out in the market.
📩 Contact Relyon today for a free consultation and tailored proposal to replace plastic packaging with fiber-based, compliant solutions - Contact us.
